In a geographical sense, the equator serves as the dividing line between the northern Gilbert Islands and the southern Gilbert Islands. The Gilbert Islands are a chain of sixteen atolls and coral islands, arranged in an approximate north-to-south line. The Carolines consist of two republics: the Federated States of Micronesia, consisting of approximately 600 islands on the eastern side of the chain with Kosrae being the most eastern and Palau consisting of 250 islands on the western side. The Caroline Islands are a widely scattered archipelago consisting of about 500 small coral islands, north of New Guinea and east of the Philippines. This does not include the separate island nation of Nauru, along with other distinctly separate islands and smaller island groups. the Mariana Islands ( Northern Mariana Islands and Guam, US).the Caroline Islands ( Federated States of Micronesia and Palau).There are four main island groups in Micronesia: The total ocean area within the perimeter of the islands is 7,400,000 km 2 (2,900,000 sq mi). Micronesia is a region in Oceania that includes approximately 2100 islands, with a total land area of 2,700 km 2 (1,000 sq mi), the largest of which is Guam, which covers 582 km 2 (225 sq mi). Jules Dumont d'Urville is usually credited with coining the term "Micronesia" in 1832, but in fact, Louis Domeny de Rienzi used this term a year earlier. The earliest known contact of Europeans with Micronesia was in 1521, when Magellan expedition landed in the Marianas. From 2000 BCE they assimilated (or were assimilated by) the earlier populations on the islands in their migration pathway. Austronesians were the first people to invent oceangoing sailing technologies (notably catamarans, outrigger boats, lashed-lug boat building, and the crab claw sail), which enabled their rapid dispersal into the islands of the Indo-Pacific. Austronesians reached the northernmost Philippines, specifically the Batanes Islands, by around 2200 BCE. Based on the current scientific consensus, the Austronesian peoples originated from a prehistoric seaborne migration, known as the Austronesian expansion, from pre- Han Formosa, at around 3000 to 1500 BCE. Human settlement of Micronesia began several millennia ago.
In fact, "Micronesian people" doesn't exist as a subset of the sea-migrating Austronesian people, who may also include the Polynesian people and the hypothetical Australo-Melanesian or " Melanesian people". Notwithstanding the fact that the notion of "Micronesia" has been quite well established since 1832 and has been used ever since, by most popular works, this set does not correspond to any geomorphological, archaelogical, linguistic, ethnic or cultural unity, but on the contrary represents a disparate ensemble, with no real deep unity. The United States has actual possession of Wake Island, which is under the immediate administration of the United States Air Force. The sovereignty of Wake Island is contested: it is claimed both by the United States and by the Republic of the Marshall Islands. The Marshall Islands all belong to the Republic of the Marshall Islands. The island of Nauru is its own sovereign nation. Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. Territory of Guam and the rest belong to the U.S. The Mariana Islands are affiliated with the United States some of them belong to the U.S. The Gilbert Islands (along with the Phoenix Islands and the Line Islands in Polynesia) comprise the Republic of Kiribati. Some of the Caroline Islands are part of the Republic of Palau and some are part of the Federated States of Micronesia (often shortened to "FSM" or "Micronesia"-not to be confused with the identical name for the overall region). Political control of areas within Micronesia varies depending on the island, and is distributed among six sovereign nations. It includes four main archipelagos-the Caroline Islands, the Gilbert Islands, the Mariana Islands, and the Marshall Islands - as well as numerous islands that are not part of any archipelago. The region has a tropical marine climate and is part of the Oceanian realm. It has a close shared cultural history with three other island regions: Maritime Southeast Asia to the west, Polynesia to the east, and Melanesia to the south-as well as with the wider community of Austronesian peoples. Micronesia ( UK: / ˌ m aɪ k r ə ˈ n iː z i ə/, US: /- ˈ n iː ʒ ə/) is a subregion of Oceania, consisting of about 2,000 small islands in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean. Outline of sovereign (dark orange) and dependent islands (bright orange)
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